What is a stinger injury?
A stinger injury, sometimes called a burner, is a temporary nerve injury affecting the brachial plexus — the network of nerves that travel from the neck to the shoulder and arm. It often causes a sudden, sharp burning or stinging sensation down the arm, typically following impact to your head, neck or shoulder.Causes of stinger injury
Stinger injuries usually occur from a direct blow to the shoulder or from the head being forcefully pushed to the side during contact, which stretches or compresses the nerves in the neck. They’re common in contact sports like football or wrestling.
Risk factors for a stinger injury
Contact sports athletes are the ones who most commonly get a stinger injury. They’re at risk when:
- They participate in contact or collision sports (like football, lacrosse or wrestling)
- They have had previous stinger injuries
- They practice poor tackling form or posture during play
- They have neck weakness or limited flexibility
- They have a history of cervical spine problems
Symptoms of a stinger injury
The most common symptom is a sudden burning or stinging pain radiating from the neck to the arm. Other symptoms can include:
- Numbness or tingling in your shoulder, arm or hand
- Weakness in the arm or hand muscles
Symptoms typically only last seconds to minutes, but can last longer in some cases. Usually, they’re also unilateral meaning they only happen on one side of your body.
Diagnosing a stinger injury
Diagnosis is usually based on a detailed history and physical exam. In some cases, your doctor may order neurological testing to assess strength, sensation and reflexes. Imaging tests like X-rays or MRIs may be used to rule out spinal injuries if symptoms are severe or persistent.
Treatment of a stinger injury
Most stinger injuries are self-limiting and resolve with rest and time. Initial treatment includes rest, ice and avoiding contact sports until symptoms subside. Physical therapy may be recommended to strengthen the neck and shoulder. Recurrent stingers may require evaluation of cervical spine stability and protective equipment.